21 lines
No EOL
2.6 KiB
Markdown
Executable file
21 lines
No EOL
2.6 KiB
Markdown
Executable file
Mint species are economically important for their essential oils, and their growth and chemical profiles are sensitive to various stressors.
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* **Abiotic Stress Factors:** Mint is affected by a wide range of abiotic stresses including salinity, drought, heat, and heavy metals.
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* **General Effects:** These stressors alter the plant's morphology, physiology, and biochemical processes, leading to dysfunction in growth, photosynthesis, and respiration.
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* **Drought Stress:** Decreases fresh and dry weight, leaf number, plant height, and root dry weight.
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* **Drought and Essential Oils:** While biomass may decrease, drought stress can sometimes increase the concentration of essential oils and enhance their antioxidant activity.
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* **Drought and Photosynthesis:** Water stress negatively impacts photosynthetic activity.
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* **Salt Stress:** High salinity levels adversely affect plant growth, oil yield, and physiological parameters.
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* **Salinity and Biomass:** Increasing NaCl concentrations significantly reduces fresh and dry biomass production.
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* **Salinity and Essential Oils:** Moderate salinity may increase essential oil content, but higher levels cause a decrease. Salinity also alters the chemical composition of the oil, decreasing menthol while increasing menthone and menthofuran.
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* **Proline Accumulation:** The amino acid proline increases in tissues under environmental stress, indicating an adaptive response.
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* **Chlorophyll Content:** Drought stress can cause a reduction in chlorophyll content.
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* **Phenolic and Flavonoid Content:** Drought stress has been shown to increase total phenolic and flavonoid content.
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* **Oxidative Stress:** Drought can lead to an increase in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, indicating oxidative stress.
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* **Species Sensitivity:** Among different mint species, *Mentha arvensis* is particularly susceptible to loss of oil percentage under salinity stress.
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* **Heat Stress:** Reduces the content of essential oils.
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* **Combined Stresses:** The response of mint to combined stresses can differ significantly from its response to a single stress factor.
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* **Phytohormones:** The application of various phytohormones can help alleviate the negative impacts of environmental stress.
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* **Bio-stimulants:** The use of commercial bio-stimulants can improve morphological performance and ameliorate the effects of water stress.
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* **Root Formation:** Salinity stress can inhibit adventitious root formation, which is important for vegetative propagation.
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* **Secondary Metabolites:** The production of secondary metabolites is a defense mechanism for survival and adaptation to stress conditions. |